gbl GBL CAS 96 48 0 Testosterone Anabolic Steroid Gamma - Butyl Ester 99.9%

Description:

γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) is a hygroscopic colorless liquid with a weak characteristic odor. Soluble in water, GBL is a common solvent and reagent in chemistry as well as being used as a flavouring, as a cleaning solvent, as a superglue remover, and as a solvent in some wet aluminium electrolytic capacitors. In humans it acts as a prodrug for γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), and it is used as a recreational intoxicant with effects similar to alcohol. A milliliter of pure GBL metabolizes to the equivalent 1.65g of NaGHB, the common form, so doses are measured in the single milliliter range, either taken all at once or sipped over the course of a night. GBL is a lactone. It is hydrolyzed under basic conditions, for example in a sodium hydroxide solution into sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate, the sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. Under acidic conditions it forms an equilibrium mixture of both compounds. These compounds then may go on to form a polymer. When treated with a non-nucleophilic base, like lithium diisopropylamide, GBL can become an alpha-carbon nucleophile. The related compound caprolactone can be used to make a polyester in this manner.

GBL is rapidly converted into GHB by paraoxonase (lactonase) enzymes, found in the blood. Animals which lack these enzymes exhibit no effect from GBL. GBL is more lipophilic (fat soluble) than GHB, and so is absorbed faster and has higher bioavailability. Because of these pharmacokinetic differences, GBL tends to be more potent and faster-acting than GHB, but has a shorter duration; whereas the related compound 1,4-butanediol (1,4-B) tends to be slightly less potent, slower to take effect but longer-acting than GHB. Gamma GB-L Butyrolactone is a colorless liquid, no suspension. It is immiscible (can be mixed; especificamente: can be mixed by arbitrary proportion but not two separate) with water, alcohols, ketones, esters and aromatic hydrocarbon. Solubility is limitation on the aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbon. GBL has a wide range of practical applications because of its low freezing point, high boiling point, and a unique combination of solvent and electrical properties. It has applications as a solvent for special resins, in photography, in batteries, and as an electrolyte. Also a number of derivatives are synthesized from GBL. Gamma GB-L Butyrolactone is an intermediate for the manufacture of butyric acid compounds and pyrrolidones used as a plasticizer, solvent for polymers, nylon precursor and in insecticides.

GBL has been found in extracts from samples of unadulterated wines. This finding indicates that GBL is a naturally occurring component in some wines and may be present in similar products. The concentration detected was approximately 5 μg/mL and was easily observed using a simple extraction technique followed by GC/MS analysis. GBL can be found in cheese flavourings but typically results in a content of 0.0002% GBL in the final foodstuff. GBL is not active in its own right; its mechanism of action stems from its identity as a prodrug of GHB. The hypnotic effect of GHB is enhanced by combination with alcohol. A 2003 rat study showed that GBL in combination with ethanol showed a potentiated hypnotic effect, as the sleep-timing measure was longer than both of the individual components combined.

Application:

1) GBL is used to produce a-pyrrolidone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and α -Acetyl-γ -butyrolactone;
2) GBL is used as anaesthetic and tranquilizer, used to produce ciprofloxacin and interferon, as the intermediate of vitamin and rolicyprine;
3) GBL is as antioxidant, plasticizer, extractant, adsorbent, dispersant, fixative and curing agent;
4) GBL is used in battery, capacitor and development of color film

GBL and BDO have many industrial and commercial uses. One significant use of GBL is an intermediate in the manufacture of pyrrolidones, which are widely used industrial chemicals. A second significant use of GBL, because of its strong solvency properties, is in applications such as circuit board cleaning in electronics and high technology industries, and paint stripping. Other applications include the production of herbicides and as a processing aid in the production of pharmaceuticals. BDO is used as an intermediate in common industrial and commercial products such as polyether diols, urethane polymers and polyester polymers. Many of the polyester polymers are used as automotive components such as car bumpers. BDO is also used as a plasticizer, a carrier solvent in printing inks and a cleaning agent.

γ-Butyrolactone (GBL) is a hygroscopic colorless liquid with a weak characteristic odor. Soluble in water, GBL is a common solvent and reagent in chemistry as well as being used as a flavouring, as a cleaning solvent, as a super glue remover, and as asolvent in some wet aluminium electrolytic capacitors. In humans it acts as a prodrug for γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), and it is used as a recreational intoxicant with effects similar to alcohol.
Despite serious safety concerns and illegality, people take gamma butyrolactone for improving athletic performance, sleep, and sexual performance and pleasure. They also take it for relieving depression and stress, prolonging life, promoting clear thinking, causing relaxation, and releasing growth hormone. GBL is also used to trim fat and as a body- or muscle-builder. Some people take it as a recreational drug.